Insights and Inspiration !!

The major question that comes to the brain when we start learning Selenium is, is it a good career? To get a obvious answer for this impacted question, let’s see the future scope of Selenium Automation in depth using this blog.

What is Selenium?

Selenium is an open-source framework utilized for automating tests across different browsers and platforms. It is formed by using various Multiple programming languages like Python, Java, Ruby, PHP, Perl, etc., for creating Selenium Test Scripts. Whereas, Selenium is not just a single tool, but a suite of software, that consists of the whole testing requirements for an organization. 

We have a list of tools that brought Selenium to the top and the best choice among automation are WebDriver, Selenium Grid, Selenium Integrated Development Environment (IDE), and Selenium Remote Control (RC).

Whereas, Understanding the importance of Selenium Automation testing professionals is essential for all aspirants. Meanwhile, the demand for Selenium Web Testers is on the rise, eventually, it’s going to be at the top of the future exponentially. Thus, pursuing it as a career is the best option, also we’re here to give the best ideas and the Future Scope and Trends of Selenium Automation. 

The popularity of Selenium:

On the other hand, Selenium is the leading tool used by developers in the software industry. In reference to BusinessWire, Selenium is the most popular web testing tool that has a humongous 300 percent growth in job postings over the past three-four years. In recent stats, Tech research giant Gartner has also reported that Selenium stands with the highest adoption rate in open-source automation testing tools. Here, we have a list of points that makes the Selenium even more popular among major organizations:

• A non-proprietary software
• Multi-Browser Compatibility
• Multi-Platform Support
• Supports Cross Browser Testing
• Multiple Programming Language Support
• Support Test Mobile Web Applications 
• Comprehensive documentation and support

Selenium Future Scope 

As we know, web applications are measured to be the next support for many companies worldwide, and test automation market trends are progressively improving with wide demand with Selenium. We have top organizations across the world who trust Selenium resources for their test automation requirements. If you have enough passion to take part in deep knowledge on test automation and gain advanced level expertise- choose Credos Systemz in Chennai, where Selenium will support you to stay consistent in a better and fulfilling position in your career.

Nevertheless, there is no software has been proven to produce without bugs; this evidently proves that the requirement for automation testing is everlasting. Henceforward the future is assured with the best scope for Selenium with boundless opportunities.

Roles and Responsibilities of a Selenium Professional They are responsible for developing, maintaining, and executing automated test scripts using Selenium. Execution tasks like enhancing the existing automation framework developed in Selenium. Integrating Selenium scripts with Jenkins CloudBee. Sustaining traceability of test cases to automation test scripts. Developing automation test strategy and approach. Manage automation activities. Maintaining well-organized records of test results. Produce historical analysis of test results. Understanding and recording how changes in the software product affect the maintenance of test scripts.

Career Path to Follow

With the progression in the stream of software development, Selenium has happened a huge response in the mainstream and will probably rise vastly in the future. With the improvement of Agile testing and DevOps, the ranking of test engineers has become more authoritative and companies are hugely in need of talented and skilled professionals who can handle the workload of this particular sector. Hope, we have mentioned major and almost everything about Selenium. If you have any idea to choose such a promising course for your consistent future growth, we have the best Training institute in Chennai named Credos Systemz. Here, you can initiate your career by picking up online/offline courses and some Practice tests to build your confidence & with the famous Certification course on Selenium. Whereas, Certified Selenium Professional gives you worldwide recognition and even by the Government of India. So, this can highlight your resume for more job opportunities.

Cloud Computing:

In the current era of information technology, Cloud Computing plays a major role in the industry which is one of the current emerging trends with a rapid growth. Due to the current pandemic situation, the need of cloud computing and its usage in different platforms such as IT industry, personal need, education, industry, government and more has been increasing which makes organization and people to adopt the new normal work culture and environment.

According to recent Research and Market report, the global cloud computing market size is expected to reach USD 1,251.09 billion by 2028, registering a CAGR of 19.1% over the forecast period. The demand for skilled cloud computing professionals is huge as 90% of business tends to choose cloud computing globally.

Cloud Computing Platforms

The top three cloud service providers which are expertise to provide a reliable cloud platform are,

• Amazon Web Services
• Microsoft Azure
• Google cloud

From the above list of different cloud computing platforms and providers, Amazon Web Services plays a major role which is considered as one of the top cloud computing platform around the world which is a globally recognized cloud computing platforms. AWS is the current market leader and a most mature cloud platform offering more than 200 fully featured wide range of services.

AWS Expert

AWS experts are cloud professionals who focus on AWS to create, maintain and work with application software or programs within the Amazon Web Services cloud based platform based on AWS tools.

How to be a AWS Developer:

Upskilling yourself is the right choice in the AWS development platform to cope up with the current situation of information technology that result in career growth. As an individual, you might have different questions or queries about where to start to be a professional AWS developer. Let’s take a look at the solutions to become a successful AWS developer that leads to a high paying job,

The solution:

• To Have passion in learning new technologies
• Basic understanding in networking and cloud computing

Ultimately it is not a big deal to be a cloud developer the truth is simple & easy!! Why?

No prerequisites to learn Amazon Web Services.

Basic understanding of networking and virtualization is more than enough to learn AWS, just you have to follow the correct AWS course syllabus and to choose the right AWS certification to be an expert in the field.

Roles & Responsibilities of an AWS Developer:

AWS developers are responsible for cloud applications including designing to deploying. If you want to hire and become a cloud expert with AWS technology, then few job descriptions which are expected by organizations are,

• Strong knowledge on Core AWS Services
• Good understanding of building or maintaining cloud-native applications.
• Developing various AWS Services such as EC2, ECB and Lambda.
• Experience in AWS migration.
• Preferred AWS Certified but it is not a mandatory.
• Must be a strong team player and team lead.
• Hands on working experience in AWS libraries.
• Understanding and working knowledge in cloud security and DevOps.
• AWS trained certification from experts will be an added advantage and enhance your career growth.

Gain the AWS skills with our Amazon Web Services Training Program and excel in your career.

AWS Experts Job opportunities:

Amazon Web Services are the most in demand career with high paying job roles and there are a wide range of jobs available for candidate with AWS Skills.

Points to notice: Various job roles are,

• Support engineer
• Cloud Developers
• AWS Solutions Architect
• DevOps Engineer
• cloud practitioner
• AWS SysOps Administrator, etc.,

You can select your area such as operations, developer, architects including big data, security and networking.

The best part is here:

AWS Experts Salary Trends:

According to Payscale, the average salary for an AWS Developer is $100,698 annually.

For Knowledge :Amazon Web Services

Important:

On the other words, if you are an expert in AWS, then your salary will increase and also, its makes more eligible for various AWS job roles.

Take a look: Get Your AWS Certification

Final Note:

Furthermore, with the best AWS Certification course which is suitable for you, you can easily become an expert in this in high demand skill and it will be helpful for you to land in a successful job with a career path using the right skill set and knowledge to fulfil the industrial expectations.

Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is a platform for automating Business Process which is executed using software applications. Let’s understand the crux RPA,

• Robotic / Robots (Bots) – Bot is an entity which will mimic the human actions; to put it simple it is an output like exe file.
• Process – In general, when some task is executed in an accurately it becomes a process. So here process talks about the task which we are going to Automate
• Automation – A task which happens by itself without Human intervention is an Automation

Can we think about the few use cases in our day to day life where Automation is applied.

---

Automation	Process	Area
Fan	Generating Air	Electric
Air Conditioner	Cool Air at required temperature Advanced system based on the room temp.	Electronic
Mixer Grinder	Grinding particles	Electronic
Automobile – Two wheelers and Cars	Automatic gear system for two wheelers and Car	Automobile
Washing Machine	Washing clothes	Electronic
Mobile	Wireless Communication	Telecom

Above listed automation which we have experienced in our life is implemented in various other industries. Now let’s think of use cases which can be automated in Software industry,

In your organization if there are many task which are repetitive, rule based and time consuming, then we can definitely automate those task using RPA (Robotic Process Automation). Few more simple examples filling up timesheet on day to day basis, generated employee reports weekly, Monthly performance report of a product. Likewise, we have lot of process which can be automated using RPA Tools.

For Knowledge : RPA

Why RPA is helpful?

• High Accuracy & Quality
• Increases Productivity & Efficiency
• Task completed faster compare to Human
• Minimization/ elimination of errors
• Less labour dependent
• Cost reduction
• No wage inflation

RPA Impact

This will give you an understanding of RPA impact in software industry today, every client investing in Automation compare to outsourcing for building new applications.

RPA Tools

You can build automation solutions using Robotic Process Automation Tools, there are various tools in the industry, and few listed below are Top notch tools which are highly used in Industry

• UiPath
• Blue Prism
• Automation Anywhere
• Pega
• Softomotive
• Workfusion
• Jidoka

Automation is Future –isn’t?

• Every organization is looking for an Automation
• By 2025 many functions will taken over by Machines
• RPA careers: Not just for technologists
• More than 2,1000 RPA jobs worldwide were listed on LinkedIn
• 30% higher salary than salaries of software engineers
• By 2030, automation will drive around 375 million people to re-skill themselves and switch occupation

No doubt, Automation will be a big revolution in Software Industry and this impact will bring lots of new opportunities and existing careers.

So, if you want to build your career in Automation then this is the right time to jump into an existing career of Automation using Robotic Process Automation.

Don’t miss to read How to Build Career in Robotic Process Automation.

Project Management in Primavera software is the Planning, Organizing, Securing, and Managing of the resources needed to complete a project on time and within budget. For detailed explanation about What is Primavera, refer our previous article here(What is Primavera).
The main purpose of project management is to achieve all of the project goals while taking in to account the constraints of the project.
Typical constraints associated with a project are time, scope, and budget. The secondary goal of project management is to streamline the project management process ensuring that resources are allocated correctly and all the processes are streamlined to make sure the project is completed on time and within the budget.

5 Phases of the Project Management Lifecycle

The phases associated with Project Management fall into five categories including:

• Initiation
• Planning
• Execution
• Controlling
• Closing

Phase 1: Initiation

Initiation phase of the project management lifecycle involves the initial start-up processes of a project. This phase is where the project’s scope and purpose are defined, justified, and implemented.

• Team members and managers are appointed
• Feasibility of the project is studied
• Documentation is collected
• Setting up the Project office

Primavera software helps streamline the initiation phase by offering the ability to store documents, configure the project team member’s access, and provide an overall phase review before the planning phase begins.

Phase 2: Planning

The planning phase is the most crucial stage of the project management lifecycle. This phase is where the project documents are finalized in Primavera P6 software and given to the project team members to be used to complete the project. The planning of a project involves the creation of five smaller plans including:

• Project plan
• Resource plan
• Financial plan
• Quality plan
• Acceptance and Communications plan

In Primavera P6, the planning phase is started by creating a work breakdown structure, forming a cost loaded schedule, assigning the resources to the project, and establishing a baseline.

Take a Look: Primavera P6 EPPM vs PPM Differences

Phase 3: Execution

The project execution phase is where the work is started and completed. Once the project plans are set, construction begins on the project and the processes are compared against the baseline throughout the building of the project. The project team members use Primavera P6 software to

• Report work in progress
• Status of the Schedule
• Compare Projected start/ finish date against actual start/finish
• Compare Projected cost against actual cost
• Compare Projected resource usage against actual resource usage

Phase 4: Control

The control phase of the project management life cycle is where the project team members look at the results and decide whether the project is on track or behind schedule.
Project team members then use a project management tool, such as Primavera P6 software, to analyze the schedule and evaluate the project.
The team members will compare the baseline schedule against the actual schedule and make a recommendation to improve the health of the project.
If the project is behind schedule, the project team members will go into the Primavera software application, modify the project data, and then re-forecast the schedule. Then, the team members can go into Primavera P6 software and utilize the Claim digger functionality to outline the changes made between the two schedule updates.

Checkout: India’s Best Primavera P6 Training Institute

Phase 5: Closing

The Closing process is the final phase of the project management life cycle. In this phase:

• Project team members document lessons learned
• Determine if the project can be used as a baseline for other projects
• Deliver the final product to the stakeholders

Read More

• Which is better Primavera or MS Project?
• Steps Involved in Operation of Primavera P6 EPPM

AZ-305 Exam Preparation: Designing Microsoft Azure Infrastructure Solutions

Looking out for the Guidance to complete the AZ-305 exam? In this guide, we will explore everything you need to know about the AZ-305 exam and study plan to work for you. The Microsoft Azure Infrastructure Solutions (AZ-305) certification focuses on designing and implementing solutions on the Azure platform. It is essential to develop the knowledge needed to design robust and scalable Azure solutions. Microsoft Azure is the go-to cloud platform for businesses of all sizes. Understanding the core concepts and solutions offered by Azure is essential to design infrastructure solutions. So, Let’s dive in to know in detail about the AZ-305 exam.

Azure infrastructure solutions

Azure infrastructure solutions refer to the design and implementation of various components to make up a cloud environment on the Azure platform. These components include virtual networks, storage solutions, compute resources, and more. Designing these solutions involves understanding the requirements of the business. It uses Azure services to build a secure, scalable, and highly available infrastructure.

To excel in the AZ-305 exam, it is crucial to have a solid grasp of the fundamental concepts of Azure infrastructure solutions. This includes understanding:

• how different Azure services interact with each other,
• the best practices for designing various components,
• the ability to troubleshoot and optimize Azure infrastructure deployments.

Requirements for the AZ-305 Exam

The AZ-305 exam is part of the Microsoft Certified: Azure Solutions Architect Expert certification path. Enhance a strong background in Azure administration, development, and DevOps. It also needs experience in designing solutions that run on Azure.

AZ-305 Exam details

• Exam Code: AZ-305
• Exam Name: Designing Microsoft Azure Infrastructure Solutions
• Question type: Multiple-choice questions,Scenario-based questions.
• Exam duration: 150 minutes,
• Passing score: 700 out of 1000.

The exam questions will test your knowledge and practical skills in areas like:

• Designing virtual networks,
• Implementing and managing Azure Active Directory,
• Designing storage solutions,
• Securing Azure resources and data,
• Designing compute solutions,
• Implementing monitoring and management solutions.

Key topics covered in the AZ-305 Exam

The important topics for designing Azure infrastructure solutions are given below:

Designing Azure Virtual Networks: Learn how to design virtual networks that provide secure communication between Azure resources and on-premises networks.

Topics: subnetting, IP address management, virtual network peering, and connectivity options.

Implementing and managing Azure Active Directory

Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) is a cloud-based identity and access management service. It provides authentication and authorization for Azure resources. Explore how to design and implement Azure AD solutions that meet the security and compliance requirements.

Topics:

user and group management, authentication methods, and Azure AD integration with on-premises environments.

Designing Azure Storage solutions

Learn how to design Azure Storage solutions that meet the performance, availability, and durability requirements.

Topics:

storage account types, data replication options, and data access methods.

Securing Azure resources and data

Explore the various security features and best practices to protect your Azure resources and data.

Topics:

network security groups, Azure Firewall, Azure Security Center, and data encryption.

Designing Azure compute solutions

Azure offers a wide range of compute resources like virtual machines, containers, and serverless computing options. Learn how to design Azure compute solutions that are scalable, reliable, and cost-effective.

Topics:

virtual machine sizing, availability sets, container orchestration, and Azure Functions.

Implementing Azure monitoring and management solutions

Monitoring and managing Azure resources is essential for maintaining the performance, availability, and security of your infrastructure. Explore the various monitoring and management solutions. Learn how to design and implement them effectively.

Topics:

Azure Monitor, Azure Automation, Azure Log Analytics, and Azure Resource Manager.

Preparing for the AZ-305 Exam

It’s time to prepare for the AZ-305 exam.

Recommended Training for the AZ-305 Exam

Credo Systemz offers the best AZ-305 training courses and learning paths designed for Azure certifications. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the exam objectives and prepare yourself for the exam. They provide professional certified trainers to ensure best deliverables.

Official Microsoft Documentation: The official documentation is an invaluable resource for learning about Azure services and best practices. Make sure to explore the Azure documentation relevant to the exam topics.

Practice exams: Practice exams are a great way to assess your knowledge and identify areas to improve. Look for reputable practice exams for effective preparation.

Tips for success in the AZ-305 Exam

• Create a study plan: Design a study plan to discipline your study routine. Break down the exam objectives into manageable chunks and allocate dedicated time for each topic. Be consistent.
• Hands-on experience: Gain practical experience by working on real-world Azure projects. This will help to understand the concepts and make it easier to apply them.
• Join study groups or forums: Engage with other Azure professionals who are preparing for the AZ-305 exam. Join online forums to ask questions, share insights, and learn from each other’s experiences.
• Stay motivated: Remember to take regular breaks, stay hydrated. Keep yourself motivated to achieve the Azure Solutions Architect Expert certification.

Conclusion

Mastering the AZ-305 exam is the important milestone to becoming a Microsoft Azure Solutions Architect Expert. To confidently approach the exam, understand the core concepts, best practices, and follow a comprehensive study plan. With dedication and perseverance, you’ll be on your way to designing robust and scalable Azure infrastructure solutions.

AWS vs Azure

As the technology develops, we have an n-number of cloud languages to explore, want to try the two chief cloud platforms- you can move with Azure vs. AWS, it’s not going to be an easy choice. With reference to career progression, we have listed the best comparison that makes a way for your bright future. Let’s bring the best out of it.

Azure vs. AWS: Which certification is harder to obtain?

When it comes to Azure and AWS, both seem to be hard if you’re trying to acquire knowledge from the platform without any prior basics, or you can efficiently learn only if you are trained professionally. Though, many IT professionals portray AWS as easier to learn and get certified. If you are a beginner, AWS has software development kits (SDKs) with a bundle of popular programming languages and permits new trends to change the SDKs. Till the year 2019, Azure only supported C++ and C# applications. Whereas, the SDKs for Java, Python, and JavaScript have best for years, but many developers privilege C languages for their efficient support.

Azure vs. AWS: Which do employers prefer?

You have enormous job vacancies if you have Azure, AWS, or Google Cloud Platform as a plus. But moreover, they have a vast number of requirements, particularly for AWS certification.  Yes, the next step of analysis is the crucial part of this blog and most wanted segment- let’s decide the best certification that makes your career consistent.

Azure vs. AWS: Which certification should I choose?

In due course, the choice is completely yours. If you wish to be certified in cloud technology which is quite popular today, go for AWS. It’s completely ahead of any other cloud service provider in all aspects required for the market share and will possibly hold the top charts. As a result of this, you may notice- most employers will feel glad to talk with you if you have an AWS certification but aren’t certified in Azure.

To get the best conclusion- we know, AWS is the leading technology according to the current stats. But Azure does have a third of the market, even though it has a high demand.  The major factor that determines your standards of certification is your determination towards the certification and preferences you give with hands-on practice.

Introduction

To work in the field of Business Intelligence and Data Analyst, Tableau is the suitable popular data visualization tool that helps in analysing the data and deriving insights to take necessary action for the business growth. To start with, this article explains the top reasons for learning tableau and its career opportunities to start the successful career in the Data Analytics and Business Intelligence.

Tableau

With emerging popularity, Tableau is the best Business Intelligence Tool used for data visualization that helps to transform the raw datasets into an understandable format to take the right decision for improved performance without any programming or technical knowledge. Tableau helps the organizations to analyse and process a massive amount of data suitable for companies from small to big of all range. Based on its trend, it is high time to learn Tableau, start a career in Business intelligence, Data Analytics and the top reasons are as follows,

• Increase in Demand
• Better Data Handling
• Ease of Use
• Best Profession

Increase In Demand

As huge amount of data is generated in the companies daily, the need for effective data handling tool is inevitable which increases the demand for tableau to process the enormous volume of data. Based on recent studies, the amount of data generated every day is increasing when compared to the past decades. So, the organizations are willing to adapt Tableau as it is easy to use to process the vast data which increases the demand for Tableau professionals in all type of organizations. The demand for tableau professionals are high currently and it will keep growing at a faster rate in the future.

Better Data Handling

With the help of the Tableau Tool, Data handling can be done effectively with Integration and Manipulation as simple and easy. Tableau tool helps to handle data which can be integrated and manipulated with any programming language or software. It is also effortless to integrate Tableau with various data sources along with deployment followed by data analytics methods like data consolidation, reports gathering from databases, data understanding and manipulation. Using well organized user interface, it is easy to customize the views in tableau with few clicks easily. Tableau software can handle a large volume of data efficiently with quicker calculation of datasets. It is very user-friendly that helps to produce interactive data visualization with complicated charts and graphs.

Ease of Use

Based on its user-friendly nature, Tableau is the essential tool that allows to build complex charts and graphs with ease of use. Using its amazing features, Tableau helps to construct data visualizations by handling large volumes of data along with easy dataset calculations. It allows professionals in organizations to pay attention to the visual data. With the help of visual analytics features, it allows users in organizations to interact and visualize data. It helps to make improved business decisions to get better insights.

Best Profession

In business intelligence and data visualization market, Tableau is the leading tool which creates the best and secured career for the professionals. As per the research results, the Tableau tool was declared as the leading tool with its unique and creates the bright future career. When compared with other tools, Tableau stay ahead as the leader with the ability to execute with its Vision completeness. The demand for the Certified Tableau professionals is increasing as large companies are ready to provide tableau jobs as they realise the need for this tool to create a better performance for effective organization’s growth and the few companies are:

• Verizon
• Dell
• KPMG
• Bank of America
• Sunguard
• Sony Electronics
• Facebook and much more

Benefits of using the Tableau tool

• Firstly, Tableau Tool can handle large amount of data and produce reports which lead to increase the performance of the business.
• Importantly, Tableau is easy to use with data visualization along with many options for improved user experience with the help of simple drag and drop interfaces.
• To build visuals by selecting the appropriate models to select the best-suited representation for their organization.
• With easy customization using simple clicks, tableau can be integrated with various data sources.
• It has well-organized user interface with effective community for users, developers to get answers for their queries quickly.

Career Opportunities

As most of the global data is stored digitally, the need for data visualization experts has been rising eventually. The career opportunities of tableau are increasing eventually in the areas of business intelligence and data analytics.  Many organizations are moving towards Tableau creating multiple job profiles with high pay packages. The few job roles for Tableau professions are :

• Tableau Developer
• Senior Tableau Developer
• Data Analyst
• Tableau Consultant
• Software Engineer
• Business Intelligence Manager
• Business Analyst

Salary Details

Tableau Developer’s salary in India is on the rise, and experienced developers earning as well annually. According to indeed report, the average salary for a tableau developer is ₹8, 30,405 per year in India. Experienced tableau developer makes up to 8 Lakh per annum with 1 to 2-year experience. This completely depends on various factors like geography, experience, and skills. To work for reputed companies, Grab a certification and start your career as Tableau professionals. Credo Systemz, Tableau Training in Chennai assists in developing the in-built knowledge and skillset to start a successful career with placement assistance.

Conclusion

Finally, most of the organizations use Tableau, leading tool to analyse large amount of data with its effective features. Tableau is the best career option to build a career in the business intelligence and data analysis domain with high pay in a reputed company. Learn and uplift with the right certifications.

All The Best.

Q1. What is a constraint in primavera?

Answer:Constrains in primavera is to fix the early or late start or finish dates of an activity as per following options:

A-Project Must Finish by
B-Mandatory Start / Mandatory Finish
C-Start / Finish On or After
D-Start / Finish On or Before
E-Start / Finish On
F-Expected Finish

Q2. what is the clause to be refereed in FIDIC when there is entitled for extension of time?

Answer:Clause 20.1, “If the Contractor considers himself to be entitled to any extension of the Time for Completion and/or any additional payment, under any Clause of these Conditions or otherwise in connection with the Contract, the Contractor shall give notice to the Engineer, describing the event or circumstance giving rise to the claim. The notice shall be given as soon as practicable, and not later than 28 day safter the Contractor became aware, or should have become aware, of the event or circumstance”.

Q3. What is the reasonable range of float you assume while checking the look ahead work activities?

Answer:The float range is varied from a project to another. However, in my opinion 10% of project duration is the maximum reasonable float for any project.

Q4. What is the Critical Path? How you identify it and if any activity having negative slack, how can you adjust the duration?

Answer:Critical path is usually the activities on the longest path with zero float. Any delay on these activities will lead to delay in project duration. Usually critical activities are shown in red color or say zero float in columns. For reducing duration you can adjust it by reducing the duration or changing the relationship between activities. However, planning engineer should pay attention to maximum resources (resources constrains) while crashing the critical path.

Q5. What is the difference between Planning & Scheduling Engineer?

Answer:Planning Engineer can work along with the project team to develop a complete time schedule including cost of resources. Planning Engineer can lead the team and influence his/her point of view. Scheduling Engineer can only follow senior planning engineer or project manager instructions to create logic between project activities, but s/he can’t develop the time schedule alone.

Q6. What is the difference between Retained Logic & Override Logic?

Answer:Retained Logic is Invariably that will produce the longest critical path but if activities have been progressed out of sequence, there could be some illogical dependencies remaining, in particular resulting from dependencies with duration Progress override invariably produces a shorter critical path and again there could be some illogical lack of dependencies resulting from activities having been progressed out of sequence.

Q7. What is the difference between recovery schedule and revised schedule?

Answer:Recovery schedule keeps the same finish date with some corrective actions to recover the delay such as add more resources and break down some activities and so on… Revised schedule we have a new finish date because of claims or adding a new scope of work (amendment).

Q8. You are working on a project and somewhere in the middle of the project. The progress variance was -5% and still you

Answer:Contractor is working on critical path and delays are on non-critical activities

Q9. How can you define the Critical Path in primavera?

Answer:Simply filter the activities with Zero Total Float

Q10. As a planning Engineer, “Walk me through a project”:

Answer:This Project is “Project Name” and it has a budget of “Project Budget”. The project started in “Project Start Date” and planned to be finished in “Project planned finish date”. According to the last update date on “updated date” this project is (ahead/behind) the schedule where the planned % = X and actual % = Y, therefore the forcast completion date is Z

Get Your Oracle Primavera CertificationGet Now

Q11. How can you differentiate total float and free float?

Answer:Total float represents the number of days that can be delayed without affecting the completion of the project, whereas free float determines the number of days that can be delayed without affecting the successor activity.

Q12. What is Resource levelling and What is Resource Allocation?

Answer:Resource levelling is the best scenario to excute the works with the available resources. In order to achieve the best scenario, planning engineer could change the activities durations and/or activities dates without affecting the project overall duration to maintain bes usage of resources. While Resource allocation is assigning resources to activities, determine the amount of labor, equipment and money required for any activity.

Q13. If we increase 2 days to the duration of any activity on critical path that will increase the duration of project by 2 days?

Answer:Yes. It is on the critical path which means it as Zero Total Float and any increasing in its duration will affect the duration of project.

Q14.Explain what a good schedule means?

Answer:a) Scheduled activities must reflect the project’s contract scope of work)
b) Dates must be in accordance with contract.
c) Meets the contractual requirements /milestones.
d) Activity durations are reasonable: activity duration must be calculated based
on quantity of work and resources available to be applied to the work.
e) Activity relationships are all defined, as review must be take place all relationships have been included and all are valid and redundancies are eliminated, and no open ended activities exept the first and last activities.
f) The critical path makes sense
g) It considers procurement and material and equipment deliveries
h) It must be cost and resource loaded
I) Must be accessible in proper format, complete, clear, and convenient.
j) Specific must tell about what will done, who will do, when will do, and what cost will need

Q15. How will you make a manpower loading for your schedule?

Answer:Man Power loading is based in my company productivity rates, we calulate the required man hors for each B.O.Q item by using this formula : Required Man Hours = QTY / (Productivity Rate)

Q16. What are the involvements of Project Planner and vital Role in Project Management?

Answer:Since Planning Engineer directly involve in project management activities, project leadership to make decisions concerning the development of plans, and how work process broken down & the control how it be manage. Track, review, forecast & give inputs the status of the Project and product. Further more planning engineer should raise the flage to project team where s/he recognise and potential risks

Q17. Float belong to the Owner or the Contractor?

Answer:It is a question that you probably will not find a definite answer for. The significance of the argument about who owns the float has two folds, first its ability to directly or indirectly influence construction methodology and/or sequence once the project execution has started, and secondly, the potential entitlement of extension of time (EOT) and the application of liquidated damages (LDs). There are mainly three views of the matter which are presented hereinafter
1. The ‘contractor owns the float’ argument –
This is the traditional view and still has its appeal among many practitioners. This view implies that the contractor is entitled to utilize float for his own risk events and recovery rescheduling. Not so far ago, a survey in the United Kingdom suggested that 80% of the respondents assumed that the contractor owns the float not surprisingly, the majority of those respondents were contractors .
2. The client owns the float argument
This is just the opposite of the view above, the proponents of this view argue that the client has paid for the project and the program is one of the tools to manage the project and monitor progress, therefore, the client should be able to control the float to reduce costs and control progress, especially when the program is a contractual requirement in which the contractor has developed it for the client’s benefit .
3. The ‘project owns the float’ argument
This view basically says float is owned by neither the contractor nor the owner.The project owns the float which means “float is not for the exclusive use of any of the parties and it serves whoever needs it first” as long as it is used in good faith.

Q18. What are the methods of calculating EV (earned value)?

Answer:1-Updating actual cost of activities
2-Updating the actual budgeted units of activities
3-Updating the actual resources comparing to budgeted ones

Q19. What is the difference between recovery plan and revised plan?

Answer:Recovery plan is made with acceleration to remain within contractual completion date but revised plans accounts for change order which may or may not be within contractual dates

Q20. If the Project Total Float shows negative, does it always follow that the Performance % Complete is less than Schedule % Complete?

Answer:No. Performance % Complete has nothing to do with the network logic or the critical path. It is possible that certain activities with high budgeted value might have been progressed better than plan but other activities that has less value are the ones driving the critical path and delays the project completion date.

Q21. How to calculate budget man-hours?

Answer:In order to calculate budget man-hour you must have the budget quantity for each activity, from that and through the standard man-hour, convert the quantity into man-hours based on organization productivity rates, the total of these man-hours will be the budget man-hours.

Q22.What do you mean by SDK , & what is its usage in Primavera?

Answer:Its stand for ” Software Development Kit ” it is used in Primavera to export quickly all the resources , cost etc. from Excel to Primavera. It is a powerful tool but it has some limitations with Excel version, i.e should 32 not 64.

Q23. How do you start planning without any information on hand?

Answer:Gather the necessary Materials, such as the Scope requirements, project start and finish dates and any documents needed to produce project objective.

Q24.What is redundant logic?

Answer:It means that if successor of A is linked to B and B is linked to C Also Successor of A linked to C then the link between A to C is called redundancy.

Q25. Is Quality and Grade are same thing?

Answer:No, there is difference, Quality is the performance of the requirements and fitness to use, Grade is a matter of different technical characteristic.

Q26. Define the main responsibilities of the planning engineer in each phase of the project’s lifecycle. Please state clearly which information/data you would need from the Project Manager/Project management team in order to fulfill your task as a planner.

Answer:This question is tricky because it tests your understanding of the whole planning process throughout the project’s different phases. Moreover, you should fully understand the specifications and legal documents related to the particular project in question. However, you will not find it difficult to answer this question if you have been involved in the responsibility of only one completed project from inception to hand over.

Q27. What are the monitoring skills?

Answer:Ability to sort data, Checking authenticity of data, Analyze and Predict data, Generate Reports.

Q28. Could you chase Project Managers for information’s and not just be a keyboard Junkie?

Answer:An answer for this question could be that I have developed very good interpersonal and communication skill which accords me the ability to politely yet consistently pull for the needed answers I require to get my own side of the job going and yet maintaining a healthy rapport within My team of busy PM’s.

Q29.What is the best software for planning?

Answer:No software for planning, it is only for scheduling, the planning process only done in brain. However, oracle primavera is the best planning tool that helps to create time schedules.

Q30. What would you submit if your consultant / client asks you to submit a matrix report?

Answer:It is an incomplete request. I must know which matrix do you need, resource matrix, cost matrix, authorities matrix, engineering/procurement matrix etc. else that would be a wide report containing more than 50 columns of P6.

Q31. Mention 4 reasons cause -ve float in primavera:

Answer:

• Using project must finish by
• Using Constraints
• Using different calendar in one project
• Using relationships with other project

Q32. What is the difference between Float and Slack?

Answer:There is no difference between float and Slack. It is two different words of same meaning

Q33. What is the difference between negative lag & lead?

Answer:There is no difference. It is two different words of same meaning.

Q34. How do you explain project delay if earned value is more than planned value?

Answer:The contractor has performed better in areas which are not on longest path “The Critical Path”. In another words, the contractor excuted the right quantity in the wrong place.

Q35. How are early and late dates determined?

Answer:Early Dates in a network is determined by Forward Calculations And late dates is determined by backward Calculations.

Q36. What are three methods of measuring project progress?

Answer:Key Performance Indicators “KPI’s”, Cost Performance Index “CPI”, Schedule Performance Index “SPI”.

Q37.What is the best way to be professional planning engineer?

Answer:Understand the project management concepts, tools, and techniques. –Practice doing real projects and get comments/review from expets. –Continous improvement by learning new tools that would help to increase the accuracy of decrease the time required for tasks.

Q38. What are SV and CV?

Answer:Schedule Variance (SV) & Cost Variance (CV) in Project Cost Management. Schedule Variance and Cost Variance are two important parameters in earned value management which help you analyze the project’s progress.
Schedule variance (SV) = Earned value (EV) – Planned value (PV) Cost variance (CV) = Earned value (EV) – Actual cost (AC)

Q39. What’s the way to resolve the delay in project time?

Answer:Fast Track: Reduce activities duration, resequence, reschedule without affecting the project total duration, fast tracking has a problem regarding the quality issues if it is applied in a wrong way.
Crashing: Reduces activities durations, resequence, reschule but with additional cost to achieve better results. this additional costs could be:
-Acceleration Costs to subcontractors.
-Bonus.
-Additional costs result from less productivity due to increasing the manpower in workplace.

Q40.If Budgeted cost of works is more than actual cost of works, how do you consider the performance of Project? Optimum, Bad or Good?

Answer:Good. Since we are spending less money than planned, But we also need to check if we are on schedule or not.

Q41.What is Project Management?

Answer:Project management is the application of processes, methods, knowledge, skills and experience to achieve the project objectives. General. A project is a unique, transient endeavor, undertaken to achieve planned objectives, which could be defined in terms of outputs, outcomes or benefits.

Q42.What does it mean if “SPI” greater, lesser or equal to one?

Answer:SPI greater than one means ahead of schedule, less than one means behind the schedule & equal to one means as per schedule

Q43.Could we have more than one critical path?

Answer:Critical path is a dynamic path where it could be changed everytime we update the schedule, change durations, or relationships. However, the critical path of a project is one path that could have too many activities underneath. Therefore, the project has only one criitical path.

Q44.Scope is known partially, then how to plan for future?

Answer:Through the life of the project as more information is available more work to be planned called agile management. Accordingly, we can use agile management to plan the known part of the project only and keep the scope of work until we have more information about it.

Q45.What is concurrent delay?

Answer:Concurrent delays has two meanings:
o When two events of delay on critical path are occurring at the same time, one affecting activities on Contractor’s risk and the other affecting activities on Employer’s risk.
o OR two or more events of delay on project critical path that belongs to one only of these parties contractor or client .

Q46.What is a Baseline?

Answer:Baseline is the value or condition against which all future measurements will be compared. The baseline is a point of reference. In project management there are three baselines – schedule baseline, cost baseline and scope baseline.

Q47. What is the normal productivity of welder for Carbon steel material per day?

Answer:This question is to test your knowledge of productivity rates. However you shouldn’t memorize all the answers in your mind, your answer could be “I don’t memorize all productivity rates since it is vary from an organization to another and from worker nationality to another. However, i have some standards that I refer to when the organization productivity rate is not available.

Q48.What is the Difference between Bar chart & Network Diagram?

Answer:Bar charts and network diagrams are used to display visually the complexities and dependencies of project work. Network diagrams display the project work as linkages through the chronological flow of work from start to finish. Gantt charts visually display primarily the work breakdown and the associated durations. Both charts graphically show work breakdowns, enabling managers and workers to easily identify conflicts, co-dependencies and determine the effect of change in the system.

Q49.What is Thresholds in project Management?

Answer:It is the project management technique in which lower and upper values of a parameter are specified against which project data can be evaluated and monitored. It could be applied on WBS level as well as activity level.

Q50.What is difference between crashing and fast tracking?

Answer:There are basically two techniques that can be used to shorten the project duration while maintaining the project scope. These techniques are fast tracking and crashing.
Crashing is the process of adding resources to one’s project so as to be able to finish it faster. It has cost impact.
Fast Tracking, on the other hand, is the process of performing tasks in parallel so as to be able to finish the project sooner. It does not have any cost impact, but increases the risks.

Q51.What is the difference between free float and total float?

Answer:Total float is the amount of time that an activity can be delayed without delaying the project completion date. On a critical path, the total float is zero. Free float is the amount of time that an activity can be delayed without delaying the Early Start of its successor activity

Q52.For an activity, if the free float is negative whereas the total float is positive. Is this possible to happen and what’s the impact?

Answer:It may happen depends on the activity flow, but that doesn’t mean this free float will affect the completion of the project since the total float is positive.

53.Define critical path:

Answer:A critical path is the sequence of project network activities which add up to the longest overall duration, regardless if that longest duration has float or not. This determines the shortest time possible to complete the project.

Q54.Does primavera loads cash in and cash out in same schedule?

Answer:Primavera deals with cost of the project only (cash out) but you can work around with making a resource called cash in/out to view cash in/out

Q55. How to reduce critical path?

Answer:
A- Compressing schedule by fast tracking, crashing, Reduce scope, Cut quality.
B- Fast tracking: Results in rework, increase risk, requires more attention and communication.
C- Crashing: increase cost, increase management time
D- Reduce scope: negative impact on customer satisfaction
E- Cut quality: increase risk, requires good matrices.

Q56.What is the normal total float allowed for a new project?

Answer:Total float should be not greater than 10% duration of the total project duration.

Q57.What are the duties of a planner?

Answer:Assigned in overall/master schedule, look-ahead targets, and accomplishment reports and monitoring.

Q58.What is Baseline Program?

Answer:An agreed Program that use to compare the actual result to measure performance of project or product against what was planned.

Q59.What is SF dependency? Any example. Have you ever used this?

Answer:A logical relationship in which a successor activity cannot finish until a predecessor activity has started. Example: The first security guard shift (successor) cannot finish until the second security guard shift (predecessor) starts.
I don’t think I have ever used this, but I have generally thought of a Start – Finish dependency as being used where an agree period of handover is required between two activities.

Q60.Are all activities with negative total float drive the project completion date?

Answer:Not all negative float activities drive the project completion date. Only the chain of activities driven by their dates and logical relationship drive the completion date and it is called the longest path.

Q61.What is meant by recovery schedule?

Answer:Recovery schedule is a revision of the Program’s Master Schedule updated on a certain data date. The Engineer requested the Contractor the recovery schedule to show on how the contractor he’ll be going to recover the incurred delays up-to date.

Q62.What do you mean by “EPC”, “TIA” & “EOT”?

Answer:
EPC stands for “Engineering, Procurement & Construction “
TIA = Time Impact analysis
EOT= Extension of Time

Q63.How do you get information to populate and update your schedule?

Answer:Organize a planning workshop with all the Subject matter experts in attendance, plan all your questions needed for you to make up a plan and schedule. Extract all information from them, develop a high level initial schedule and populate the WBS and activity lists. Later on planner should develop forms to be filled by project team in weekly basis.

Q64.What is the standard deviation of the activity equal?

Answer:standard deviation for activity is = (Pessimistic duration – Optimistic duration)/6

Q65.Suppose you have a conflict with the project consultant/ owner representative about a schedule update you have submitted recently. You believe that you have the right to reflect some time delays in the schedule in favor of your company, but the owner wouldn’t accept that. The conflict escalated and the consultant hold the monthly payment till you agree on the update according to his perspective. He’s also implicitly threatening to kick you out of the project unless you are “cooperative”. What’s should you do?

Answer:Unfortunately, this case is very common in the middle east. The power of consultant is over estimated, and engineers, especially juniors, will find themselves in similar situations in one way or another. My answer would be that you should communicate with your Project Manager immediately. It’s not enough to have a casual conversation during the tea break; you should do that in “WRITTEN” format only. You should clearly explain the situation; why you think you have right in your claims; what would be the consequences in case you agree with the requirements of the consultant; and what are your concerns regarding the situation. In most of the cases, if the project manager is strong enough, he will exclude you from directcontact with the consultant till he solve the issue; and it might be necessary to consult the company’s lawyer for assistance.

Q66.What does it means If my free float is positive?

Answer:It means I can delay this activity without delaying the project end date.

Q67.What to look for when a contractors sends their tender program to be awarded?

Answer:Tender schedule is summarized by natural. However, it should tell the contractor strategy of excuting the project and the project overall planning.

Q68.What is an S–Curve?

Answer:S-curve is a graph showing cumulative cost or value (measured in terms of money or man-hours) against time.

Q69.How De-watering works could affect your schedule?

Answer:That based on calculation of building own weight to be equal to or more the uplift force. Dewaterwing is required to reduce the uplift force of underground water. When this force is less than the weight of building, then dewatering activity could be finished. Planner should check with the project team when it is recommended to stop the dewatering and plan accordinglyy. Normaly dewatering will hold the backfilling and external works around the building

Q70.Every project plan has two type of dates, the early start early finish and the late start late finish. Late start always starts after early start but finish with the early finish, Why?

Answer:Late start denotes the total float of the activities which allows the activities in the early stage of the project to get as late as possible while in the late time of the project there are mostly critical activities are left which does allow the late dates to pass over.

Q71.What is the major difference between Cost variance and Schedule variance?

Answer:Schedule variance=Earned value-Planned value. It is related to the time or data date. Cost variance=Earned value-Actual cost.

Q72.Why negative lag/lead is not recommended in a good schedule?

Answer:Because other relationship types can serve the same purpose. For example, instead of using FS relationship with negative lag, you can use SS relationship with positive lag.

Q73.What does variance in s curve indicate on both axis?

Answer:Variance on Y-axis represents the value of (Money, ManHrs., etc.), while X-axis represents time variance.

Q74.What is an open end activity?

Answer:An open ended activity is an activity that can end at the last day of the project without delaying the overall projects. An open end activity is normally not followed by any other activity and its completion can be delayed (within the project life) in order to focus on more important activities have successors (activities which can start only at the end of the earlier ones).

Q75.If you are loading the cost in Primavera, Which cost will you select either in price in BOQ or your Budget amount or Both?

Answer:It depends, if this schedule is for the consultant, then the budget amount (selling price) should be loaded. However this is a case where the contractor would like to monitor the actual cost, in that case actual cost could be loaded. However, cost control is better in excel than primavera

Q76.What does trend analysis means?

Answer:A trend analysis is an aspect of technical analysis that tries to predict the future movement of a stock based on past data.

Q77.A project shows actual performance is matching the planned performance. The Project is in delay also. What could be the reason?

Answer:The reason is, the progress is made on the non critical activities than on the critical activities.

Q78.What are the difference between flag and milestone activity in primavera?

Answer:Mile stone & flags both are events rather than activities. Some client likes to use flags rather than mile stone due the following differences.
1. With the use of flags the logic of main event can be easily tracked as these cannot be created without predecessor as standalone allocating the constraint. Whereas mile stone can.
2. Flags cannot update manually as Primavera automatically update the status whereas milestone can be update manually.
3.Flags cannot be constraint only driven by predecessor whereas milestone can.

Q79.How do you estimate activities durations?

Answer:By generating meetings & follow ups with contractors and other persons related to construction, this is also related to the contractual milestones. Normal activities can be estimated from experience. Special activities can be estimated by having meetings with project team and experts in this field. However, the project overall duration is the main constrain that might affect all other estimations.

Q80.What does it mean if “CPI” greater, lesser or equal to one?

Answer:CPI greater than one means over budget, less than one means under budget & equal to one means same as per budget.

Q81.What is needed for a successful project plan?

Answer:Contract document, drawings, B.O.Q as primary & other planning tools as secondary support. Furthermoe, the involvement of project team in the planning, estimation, and sequence of work would result more accurate project plan.

Q82.We hire the team in execution, then who planned for the project?

Answer:The planning of the project is made during the project life cycle with different level of details. For example, during the tender stage, the tender team is responsible for the high level of planning. However, when the project is awarded the project team is responsible for the planning and breakdown.

Q83.How often you update your Project Baseline ?

Answer:It varies from project to project, depending on reporting/progressing periods. However, the working schedule should be updated on a continuous basis, as each activity is started or finished.

Q84.What are BCWS, BCWP, and ACWP?

Answer:These three acronyms are earned value terms that stand for Budgeted Cost for Work Scheduled (planned value, or PV in the PMBOK Guide’s in my opinion illadvised neologisms), Budgeted Cost for Work Performed (earned value, or EV), and Actual Cost for Work Performed (actual cost, or AC.)
BCWS is what was budgeted for each work package as scheduled .
BCWP is the sum of the budgets of all completed activities/milestones.
ACWP is the sum of what it actually cost to complete each of the work packages/milestones.

Q85.What is a constraint?

Answer:A limitation that reduces the efficiency with which a project can be accomplished. Resource availability is a type of constraint that can delay a project’s schedule and efficiency. In general, constraints should not be input to the schedule until after the schedule has been optimized through critical path analysis.

Q86.What is activity & What is WBS ?

Answer:Activity is a task or process to be accomplished in a set period of time as part of working toward a larger project goal. An Activity can be assigned to a resource(s) and have an associated cost. Activities are ordered with logic links Work breakdown structure, a hierarchical format for identifying, displaying, reporting, and changing project work. Since the WBS is the “skeleton” of work on which the resource, cost, schedule information is draped, it is the principle tool for implementing scope/cost/schedule integration.

Q87.What is a milestone? What are the types of milestone?

Answer:A milestone is an event. Activity-driven milestones are usually entered into PM software as activities with durations of zero. Since milestones have no duration, once they are reached they are immediately in the past. It is therefore good practice to name activities using the past participle of the verb (i.e., “Test component” = activity; “Component tested” = milestone.

Q88.What is the difference between free float, total float and what is different between Float and Slack?

Answer:This is very common question in a primavera interview, Float and slack are the two different words for the same meaning.
Free Float: amount of time, an activity can be delayed without delaying the successor activity
Total Float: amount of time, an activity can be delayed without delaying the project finish date.

Q89.How can you define the Critical Path in primavera?

Answer:The sequence of activities which describe the longest path from the data date to the end of the project. In a schedule without any constraints, this will be all activities with zero total float.
(if you have constraints which force negative float, simply filtering on total float equal to or less than zero can bring up activities which are not on the critical path)

Q90.What is WBS?

Answer:WBS means Work Breakdown Structure. it represents a hierarchical breakdown of a Project into elements and deliverables.

Q91.What is an open-end activity in primavera?

Answer:The open-end activity is the activity that does not have any successor. Normally open-end activity is not accepted in schedule because the total float will be calculated from the end of the project and these entire activities late dates gather at the end of the project and cannot be prepare a logical late start plan.

Q92.What is the difference between Retained Logic & Override Logic in progress update?

Answer:If a project is generally running according to plan and activities are not progressed out of sequence then there will be virtually no difference between the two methods. BIG differences come when activities are progressed out of sequence.
I believe in retained logic. Invariably that will produce the longest critical path but if activities have been progressed out of sequence, there could be some resulting illogical dependencies remaining, in particular resulting from dependencies with durations.
Progress override invariably produces a shorter critical path and again there could be some illogical lack of dependencies resulting from activities having been progressed out of sequence.

Q93.What is resource allocation and resource levelling?

Answer:Resource allocation is assigning resources to activities, determine the amount of labour, equipment and money required for any activity. Resource levelling is Resource requirements of all scheduled activities are compared to the maximum quantity available at the time of levelling. An activity is delayed if too few resources are available at any time during the activity’s duration. The maximum quantity for a resource is determined through the Max units/time for a particular resource in the Resources Tab.

Q94.How do u measure & compare the progress using primavera?

Answer:This is one of the Hard primavera Interview Questions, try to explain without confusion. Progress is measured primarily against the baseline. If the baseline has been loaded with cost and/or resources, earned value management can be used for this purpose. If not, progress is measured as variance to baseline dates.
Budget at Completion (BAC)
Planned Value (PV) = budget at Completion (BAC) x Planned % Complete
Earned Value (EV) = budget at Completion (BAC) x Actual% Complete
Actual Cost (AC) = No formula What you’ve actually spent on the project
Schedule Performance Index (SPl) =Earned Value (EV) / Planned Value (PV)
Schedule Variance (SV) =Earned Value (EV) – Planned Value (PV)
Cost Performance Index (CPI) =Earned Value (EV) / Actual Cost (AC)
To Complete Performance Index (TCPI) =(Budget at Completion (BAC) – Earned Value (EV) ) / (Budget at Completion (BAC) -Actual Cost (AC) )
Cost Variance (CV) = Earned Value (EV) -Actual Cost (AC)
For more information see this article: EVM earned value management

Q95.What is an S – Curve and how to create S Curve in primavera?

Answer:An S-curve is a graph showing cumulative cost or value (measured in terms of money or manhours) against time. On a typical project, these graphs follow an “S” shape, hence the name. Typical data to be plotted on an S-Curve includes:
Actual Cost (ACWP)
Planned Value (BCWS) –Early dates
Planned Value (BCWS) –Late dates
Earned Value (BCWP)
Forecast Value –Early dates
Forecast value –Late dates
Forecast Cost –Early dates
Forecast cost –Late dates

Q96.What is the difference between flag and milestone activity in primavera?

Answer:This is one of the tricky Primavera Interview questions.
Mile stone & flags both are events rather than activities. Some client likes to use flags rather than mile stone due the following differences.
1- With the use of flags the logic of main event can be easily tracked as these cannot be created without predecessor as standalone allocating the constraint. Whereas mile stone can.
2- Flags cannot update manually as Primavera automatically update the status whereas milestone can be update manually.
3- Flags cannot be constraint only driven by predecessor whereas milestone can.

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Introduction

Amazon Web Services has launched over a thousands of new services in every year and launched nearly a lot of new services in 2021. VC firm North Bridge states that the revenue of public cloud spending will grow at 19% CAGR which will reach $522B in 2022.

Let’s Start,Highlights from AWS in 2023

• Latest AWS Certification: Database and Updated Solutions Architect Exam.
• AWS released a new version of AWS Certified Solutions Architect – Associate, which includes more content across new AWS services.
• Global cloud computing market insight shares there is a high growth in Cloud Computing market and expected to make most promising business contribution.

The top 5 biggest services from Latest 2023 announcements:

The top new AWS services which are very beneficial, widely used among the thousand new services are,

• Amazon Kendra
• AWS Deep Composer
• Amazon Detective
• AWS Elemental Link
• AWS SaaS Competency

Take a Look: Amazon Web Services Training Latest Updated Topics(Free PDF) Amazon Kendra:

Amazon Kendra is a search service that allows enterprises to search across multiple parts of data powered by machine learning and to understand the content of documents to deliver the more accurate answers for real questions. Amazon Kendra helps the user using Natural language Processing (NLP) to find the accurate information among the vast amount of content globally.

Uses:

• Easily find the relevant answers for your search query even from unstructured data.
• Centralize different content repositories together (SharePoint, Service Now, Salesforce and Amazon RDS).
• Kendra deep learning models by understanding complex languages which helps to get specific answers for the search results.
• Easy setup, Faster access and intelligent search capabilities are the main benefits of Amazon Kendra.

AWS Deep Composer

Amazon’s Deep Composer as the name specifies it’s a keyboard to build music using machine learning. In other works it is a Machine Learning enabled musical keyboard for developers, the main concept of Deep Composer design is to educate developers about Machine Learning. Generative AI is considered as one of the biggest updates in the field of artificial intelligence in recent times, This Deep Composer includes tutorials, and sample codes also training materials which helps in building generative AI models. Amazon’s Deep Composer is the best choice to learn machine learning easily and in a fun way.

Uses:

• Easy and creative way to learn ML
• Community and collaboration with the different developers and creators all over the world
• Virtual keyword design in AWS Deep Composer helps to compose and learn anywhere.
• Without a single line of code we can create generative AI models

AWS Elemental Link

AWS Element link is a fast and easy to setup device which sends live video to Amazon Web Services. The main benefit of this Amazon web service is once it is connected it automatically records the video, also the special feature here is it can be controlled and monitored from remote using the Media Live console. AWS Element link is a hardware device that enables secure connection to create Media live using AWS.

Uses:

• High quality videos can be handled easily
• Easy and quick setup which connects into the cloud
• Cost efficient and the link is also own and can be operated easily
• Provides central point of control through which you can remotely monitor the videos anywhere in the world.

AWS SaaS Competency:

An AWS SaaS Competency partner was announced by AWS on 05th May 2020 which focused on supporting AWS customers who look for APN consulting partners. This service have deep experience in assisting the organizations to design, build SaaS on cloud also to note down that they can write production application code.AWS SaaS Competency has been categorized into two such as

• Design services
• Builders

It helps in building SaaS applications and APN consulting partners to design, implement and integrate. The Design Services category included designing and implementing complex, cloud-native, SaaS solutions with AWS infrastructure. The Builders help in building cloud-native SaaS applications via software development.

AWS SaaS Competency Partners:

• AllCloud
• Base2Services
• beSharp
• Cambridge Technology
• ClearScale
• CloudGeometry
• Itoc

AWS Detective:

AWS Detective is none other than a detective which helps in analyzing, investing and quickly identifying the root cause of the potential security issues or any illegal activities with the power of machine learning. AWS detective is easy and fast to handle the security investigations with the help of collecting log data automatically using statistical analysis and graph theory. Unless Amazon Guard Duty and Amazon Macie, Amazon Detective easily investigates and quickly gets to the root cause of the finding.

• Easy to setup and faster to investigate
• Continuous Data update saves time and effort
• Easy to Visualize
• Threat hunting and incident investigation.
For Knowledge :AWS

Conclusion:

AWS offers more than 175+ services for storage, security, networking, databases, machine learning, AI, IOT and analytics. If you are interested in learning Amazon Web Services, and are looking for AWS Certification details then Credo Systemz AWS training suits you to meet your requirements.

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Amazon Web Services Training and Certification

Oracle primavera and MS Project are leading planning, project tracking and management tool in all the industries across the globe. This particular article going to discuss about the which tool will be efficient in project management.

Multi User Access Ability

Oracle Primavera P6 has ability to allow multi user access to the tool for creating project, updating, scheduling and generating reports. It can be done through its Oracle or Sql Database which you choose during installation. It can be also exported to external file format anytime. User permission or entitlement also can be done it helps to restrict each user expected visibility. MS Project doesn’t have this feature. It can be done through the Microsoft Project server. Using the Microsoft SharePoint Sever project data visibility is controlled with different user entitlement by Project administrator

Work Breakdown Feature

Hierarchy or level of WBS (work breakdown structure) and activities are same in MS Project. Even activity can be added or linked to WBS level. Oracle Primavera P6 a helps user to differentiate the WBS and activity level with individual codes to each activity. Primavera has positive side than MS Project in the approach.

Activity Breakdown Feature

Primavera P6 helps us to break the complex activities in to multiple stepswhile maintaining Gantt charts. Also we can add activities with budget and resources individually with relationships. MS Project doesn’t have feature of breaking steps is big drawback.

Activity Relationship

Primavera P6 allows multiple relationship for the single activity where in MS Project only one relationship can be made for one activity. Its setback in MS Project comparing to P6.

Custom Field Option

MS project allows user to create custom fields as well as formula can be entered. Primavera P6 doesn’t allow the user to add the formula to the custom field.

Import/ Export Data Feature

Both tools will help the project data to communicate with all other applications. Import and export data in different file format are supported in both tools.

Project Tracking & Comparison

Oracle Primavera helps to create, track, comparing WBS, Cost and Unit are possible. But MS Project only have option to create multiple project and viewing it. Comparison feature is not available.

Relationship Assignment Feature

Assigning relationship in Primavera can be easily accomplished through Gantt view using click drag feature or Predecessors / Successors tabs. MS project has multiple ways to do it and those are listed below.

• Assigning through Gantt chart
• Can be done through task menu
• Can link task in the split view
• Drag the link between two tasks

Baseline Assignment

Primavera has the ability to create the unlimited baselines based on the schedule. It will be helpful for the analysis where MS project has only limited baselines maximum of 11.

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Report Feature

Primavera helps you to create multiple customized reports in tabular and sheet formats. MS Project helps user to create the customized graphical report based on the project need.
Overall primavera will be more suitable for the larger organization with multiple portfolio’s and MS project will be helpful for the projects that doesn’t has multiple user interactions, comparison between multiple projects.

Refer this to :

• Primavera P6 vs MS Project Differences
• Steps involved in Operation of Primavera